Cause  | Correction  | 
|---|---|
Worn or loose rocker arms  | Replace the valve rocker arms as required.  | 
Worn or bent push rods  | Replace the push rods.  | 
Sticking valves Carbon buildup on the valve stem can cause the valve not to close properly.  | Repair or replace as required.  | 
Excessively worn or mis-aligned timing chain  | Replace the timing chain and sprockets as required.  | 
Worn camshaft lobes  | Replace the camshaft and valve lifters.  | 
Sticking lifters  | Replace as required.  |